Evolushọn nke OCPP: Brịdging Version 1.6 ruo 2.0.1 na gafere na chaja EV
Tebulu ọdịnaya
I. Okwu Mmalite nke Open Charge Point Protocol
NkeProtocol Mepee Charge Point (OCPP)na-eje ozi dị ka ọkọlọtọ zuru ụwa ọnụ maka nkwurịta okwu n'etiti Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) na Charging Station Management Systems (CSMS). Ndị dere yaOpen Charge Alliance (OCA), A na-amata ụkpụrụ a dị ka ọkọlọtọ de facto na ụlọ ọrụ EV (IEC 63110 precursor). Ọ na-ewepụ ihe mkpuchi nke ụlọ, na-ahụ na ngwaike sitere na ndị nrụpụta dị iche iche nwere ike iji usoro azụ azụ dị iche iche na-arụkọ ọrụ n'enweghị nsogbu.
Mara ikike: Edemede a na-ezo aka ụkpụrụ gọọmentị ewepụtara na OCA Whitepapers na nkọwapụta IEC/ISO.
1, Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke OCPP
2. OCPP ụdị mmeghe
Dịka egosiri n'okpuru, site na OCPP1.5 ruo OCPP2.0.1 kacha ọhụrụ
N'ihi na enwere ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ iji kwado ahụmịhe ọrụ ejikọtara ọnụ yana njikọta arụmọrụ n'etiti ọrụ ndị ọrụ dị iche iche, OCA butere ụzọ n'ịzụlite protocol mepere emepe OCPP1.5. Ncha nwere oke site na mmachi protocol nke ya na enweghị ike ịgbasa ya ngwa ngwa.
OCPP 1.5 na-ekwurịta okwu na sistemu etiti site na usoro SOAP dabere na protocol HTTP iji rụọ ebe nchaji Ọ na-akwado ọrụ ndị a: azụmahịa mpaghara na nke ebidobere, gụnyere nleta ịgba ụgwọ.
Ntuli ahụ sitere na 1.6J ruo 2.0.1
Ọ bụ ezie na nsụgharị ndị mbụ dị ka OCPP 1.5 dabere na usoro ncha ncha,OCPP 1.6Jgbanwere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ site na iwebata JSON n'elu WebSockets. Nke a nyere ohere maka nkwurịta okwu duplex zuru oke ma belata okporo ụzọ data, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ọkọlọtọ ahịa ugbu a. Otú ọ dị, ntọhapụ nkeOCPP 2.0.1(ịdozi ahụhụ nke 2.0) na-egosi mgbanwe mgbanwe. N'adịghị ka 1.6J, OCPP 2.0.1 adabaghị azụ n'ihi mgbanwe dị mkpa na nhazi data ya nke e mere iji kwado usoro njikwa ike siri ike (EMS) na ụkpụrụ nchekwa siri ike.
Ⅱ.OCPP ụdị mmalite
Dịka egosiri n'okpuru, site na OCPP1.5 ruo OCPP2.0.1 kacha ọhụrụ
N'ihi na enwere ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ iji kwado ahụmịhe ọrụ ejikọtara ọnụ yana njikọta arụmọrụ n'etiti ọrụ ndị ọrụ dị iche iche, OCA butere ụzọ n'ịzụlite protocol mepere emepe OCPP1.5. Ncha nwere oke site na mmachi protocol nke ya na enweghị ike ịgbasa ya ngwa ngwa.
OCPP 1.5 na-ekwurịta okwu na sistemu etiti site na usoro SOAP dabere na protocol HTTP iji rụọ ebe nchaji Ọ na-akwado ọrụ ndị a: azụmahịa mpaghara na nke ebidobere, gụnyere nleta ịgba ụgwọ.
OCPP 1.6J (JSON karịrị WebSockets)
Ọ bụ ezie na ụdị SOAP ochie bụ ihe mgbe ochie,OCPP 1.6Jna-anọgide na ndị kasị n'ọtụtụ ebe ekesara ụdị. Ọ na-ejiJSON n'elu WebSockets (WSS), nke na-enye ohere maka nkwurịta okwu duplex zuru ezu. N'adịghị ka SOAP dabeere na HTTP, WSS na-enyere ihe nkesa (CSMS) aka ịmalite iwu (dịkaRemoteStart Transaction) na chaja ọbụlagodi mgbe chaja nọ n'azụ firewall NAT.
OCPP 2.0 (JSON)
OCPP 2.0, ewepụtara na 2018, na-eme ka nhazi azụmahịa dịkwuo mma, na-abawanye nchekwa, njikwa ngwaọrụ: na-agbakwunye ọrụ chaja smart, maka topologies na sistemu njikwa ike (EMS), ndị na-ahụ maka mpaghara, yana maka EVs nwere chaja smart, ọdụ chaja na sistemụ njikwa ọdụ ụgbọ ala. Na-akwadoISO 15118: Nkwụnye na Play na Smart chaja chọrọ maka ụgbọ ala eletrik.
OCPP 2.0.1 (JSON)
OCPP 2.0.1 bụ ụdị kachasị ọhụrụ, ewepụtara na 2020. Ọ na-enye atụmatụ ọhụrụ na nkwalite dị ka nkwado maka ISO15118 (Plug and Play), nchekwa emelitere yana arụmọrụ zuru oke.
Ụdị OCPP ndakọrịta
OCPP1.x dakọtara na nsụgharị ala, OCPP1.6 dakọtara na OCPP1.5, OCPP1.5 dakọtara na OCPP1.2.
OCPP2.0.1 adịghị dakọtara na OCPP1.6, OCPP2.0.1 ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ n'ime ọdịnaya nke OCPP1.6 nwekwara, ma data etiti format dị nnọọ iche na nke ezitere.
OCPP 2.0.1 protocol
1, Ọdịiche dị n'etiti OCPP 2.0.1 na OCPP 1.6
Tụnyere ụdịdị mbụ dị ka OCPP 1.6, OCPP 2.0. 1 nwere nnukwu ndozi na mpaghara ndị a:
a. Nchekwa emelitere
OCPP 2.0.1: Nchekwa na njikwa ngwaọrụ
OCPP 2.0.1 adabaghị azụ na 1.6J n'ihi nhazigharị zuru oke nke ụdị data. Ọganihu ya kachasị mkpa bụ iwebata iwu atọProfaịlụ nchekwa:
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Profaịlụ nchekwa 1:TLS nwere nzere Basic (Paswọdu).
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Profaịlụ nchekwa 2:TLS nwere Asambodo-akụkụ ndị ahịa (nchekwa dị elu).
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Profaịlụ nchekwa 3:TLS nwere Asambodo-akụkụ ndị ahịa yana nkwado Module Nchekwa ngwaike (HSM).
Ọzọkwa, ọ na-anọchi anya okeObi mgbawausoro na keukwuỤdị ngwaọrụ. Nke a na-eji ọkọlọtọAkụkụnaNa-agbanwe agbanweusoro iji nyochaa ihe niile site na ọsọ fan ruo na okpomọkụ dị n'ime, na-emeziwanye nchọpụta dịpụrụ adịpụ.
b.Na-agbakwụnye atụmatụ ọhụrụ
OCPP2.0.1 na-agbakwụnye ọtụtụ atụmatụ ọhụrụ, gụnyere njikwa nchaji nwere ọgụgụ isi, yana nkọwa mmejọ zuru ezu na nyocha.
c. Nhazi na-agbanwe agbanwe karịa
Emebere OCPP2.0.1 ka ọ bụrụ nke na-agbanwe agbanwe iji gboo mkpa nke ngwa dị mgbagwoju anya na nke dị iche iche.
d. Usoro mfe
OCPP2.0.1 na-eme ka koodu ahụ dị mfe, na-eme ka ọ dị mfe iji mejuputa ngwanrọ.
OCPP2.0.1 firmware update agbakwunyere mbinye aka dijitalụ, iji gbochie nbudata ngwa ngwa ezughị ezu, na-ebute ọdịda mmelite firmware.
Na ngwa ngwa, OCPP2.0.1 protocol nwere ike iji na-aghọta n'ime obodo akara nke odori ikpo, ezigbo oge nlekota oru nke odori ọnọdụ, njirimara njirimara na ndị ọzọ na ọrụ, nke ukwuu mma ojiji nke Nchaji ngwá ọrụ, arụmọrụ na nchekwa.OCPP2.0.1 nkọwa na ọrụ karịa 1.6 version nke ọtụtụ, mmepe nke siri ike enwewokwa ụba.
2, OCPP2.0.1 ọrụ mmeghe
OCPP 2.0.1 protocol bụ ụdị ọhụrụ OCPP protocol. Tụnyere OCPP 1.6, OCPP 2.0.1 protocol emela ọtụtụ nkwalite na nkwalite. Isi ọdịnaya gụnyere:
• Nzipu ozi:OCP 2.0.1 na-agbakwụnye ụdị ozi ọhụrụ ma gbanwee usoro ozi ochie iji melite arụmọrụ na arụmọrụ.
• Asambodo dijitalụ:Na OCPP 2.0.1, ewebata usoro nchekwa dabere na asambodo dijitalụ iji nye nkwenye ngwaọrụ siri ike yana nchekwa ozi. Nke a bụ mmụba dị ịrịba ama karịa usoro nchekwa OCPP1.6.
• Ụdị data:OCPP 2.0.1 na-emelite ụdị data iji tinye nkwado maka ụdị na njirimara ngwaọrụ ọhụrụ.
• Njikwa ngwaọrụ:OCPP 2.0.1 na-enye ọrụ njikwa ngwaọrụ zuru oke, gụnyere nhazi ngwaọrụ, nchọpụta nsogbu, mmelite ngwanrọ, wdg.
• Ụdị akụrụngwa:OCPP 2.0.1 na-ewebata ụdị akụrụngwa na-agbanwe agbanwe nke enwere ike iji kọwaa ngwaọrụ na sistemụ chaja dị mgbagwoju anya. Nke a na-enyere aka mee ka atụmatụ ndị dị elu dị kaV2G (Ụgbọala gaa Grid).
• Nchaji mara mma:Advanced Smart Charging & ISO 15118 Integration, Ihe dị iche n'etiti 1.6 na 2.0.1 na chaja smart dị ịrịba ama. Mgbe 1.6J na-adabere na isiProfaịlụ chaja, OCPP 2.0.1 na-akwado obodoISO 15118site na usoro ngafe.
Nke a na-enyere akaNkwụnye na chaja (PnC): EVSE na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ọnụ ụzọ ámá, na-enye ohere ka EV gbanwee asambodo dijitalụ ozugbo na azụ azụ maka nyocha akpaka. Enweghị kaadị RFID ma ọ bụ ngwa achọrọ. Nke a na-atọkwa ntọala makaV2G (Ụgbọala-gaa-igwe), na-ekwe ka bidirectional ike na-erugharị na-erugharị dabere na grid ugboro na ike.
• njirimara na ikike onye ọrụ:OCPP2.0.1 na-enye njirimara njirimara na usoro ikike nke ọma, na-akwado ọtụtụ ụzọ njirimara onye ọrụ, ma na-ebute ihe ndị dị elu maka nchekwa data onye ọrụ.
III. Okwu mmalite na ọrụ OCPP
1. Nchaji ọgụgụ isi
Sistemụ Njikwa Ike Mpụga (EMS)
OCPP 2.0.1 na-elebara nsogbu a anya site na iwebata usoro ngosi nke na-eme ka CSMS (Sistemụ Njikwa Charging Station) mara mmachi mpụga. Ntinye chaja smart ozugbo na-akwado sistemu njikwa ike (EMS) nwere ike dozie ọtụtụ ọnọdụ:
Ụgbọ ala eletrik ejikọrọ na ebe nchaji (nke ISO 15118)
OCPP 2.0.1 na-akwado ISO 15118-emelitere protocol maka nzikọrịta ozi EVSE-to-EV. Ịchaji nkwụnye na-egwu ọkọlọtọ ISO 15118 na chaja smart (gụnyere ntinye sitere na EV) dị mfe iji OCPP 2.0.1. Kwado ndị ọrụ ọdụ ọdụ ka izipu ozi (si na CSMS) gbasara ọdụ chaja maka ngosi nye ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala EV.
Nchaji smart na-eji:
(1) Ibu Balancer
Load Balancer na-ezubere maka ibu dị n'ime nke ọdụ chaja. Ụlọ ọrụ nchaji ga-ejikwa ike nchaji nke post chajị ọ bụla dịka nhazi mbụ siri dị. A ga-ahazi ọdụ nchaji ka ọ jiri uru oke arụrụ arụ, dị ka mpụta kacha ugbu a. Na mgbakwunye, nhazi ahụ gụnyekwara nhọrọ nhọrọ maka ịkwalite nkesa ike nke ọdụ chaja na ọdụ chaja n'otu n'otu. Nhazi a na-agwa ọdụ chajị na ọnụego n'okpuru uru nhazi a abaghị uru yana na a ga-ahọrọ usoro ịkwụ ụgwọ ndị ọzọ.
(2) Central ọgụgụ isi odori
Central smart chaja na-eche na usoro etiti na-achịkwa oke nchaji, nke na-agbakọ akụkụ ma ọ bụ usoro nchaji niile mgbe ọ natachara ozi amụma onye ọrụ grid gbasara ikike grid, na sistemụ etiti ga-amanye oke nchaji na ọdụ chaja ma debe oke nchaji site na ịzaghachi ozi.
(3) Nchaji ọgụgụ isi mpaghara
A na-enweta ụgwọ ọrụ ọgụgụ isi nke mpaghara site na onye na-ahụ maka mpaghara, nke ya na onye nnọchi anya nke OCPP protocol, na-ahụ maka ịnata ozi sitere na sistemụ etiti yana ịchịkwa omume nchaji nke ụlọ ọrụ chaja ndị ọzọ na otu ahụ. Enwere ike ịkwado onye njikwa n'onwe ya na ọdụ chaja ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị. N'ụdị chaja ọgụgụ isi mpaghara, onye na-ahụ maka mpaghara na-amachi ikike nchaji nke ọdụ chaja. N'oge ịchaji, enwere ike gbanwee oke oke. Enwere ike ịhazi oke uru nke otu chaja na mpaghara ma ọ bụ site na sistemụ etiti.
2. Usoro Okwu Mmalite
nhazi usoro
Software ije
Modul arụ ọrụ dị na protocol OCPP2.0.1 na-agụnye modul Nyefee Data, modul ikike, modul nchekwa, modul azụmahịa, modul uru mita, modul ọnụ ahịa, modul ndoputa, modul cha cha cha cha, modul nchọpụta nyocha, modul njikwa Firmware na modul ozi ngosi
IV. Mmepe nke OCPP n'ọdịnihu
1.Uru nke OCPP
OCPP bụ protocol efu na nke mepere emepe, ma bụrụkwa ụzọ dị irè isi dozie njikọ njikọ chaja chajị ugbu a, ma bụrụkwa nke a na-ewu ewu ma jiri ya mee ihe n'ọtụtụ mba gburugburu ụwa, njikọ ọdịnihu n'etiti ọrụ onye ọrụ ga-enwe asụsụ iji kparịta ụka.
Tupu ọbịbịa nke OCPP, onye nrụpụta post cha cha mepụtara ụkpụrụ nke ya maka njikọta azụ azụ, si otú a na-akpọchi ndị na-akwụ ụgwọ post na otu onye nrụpụta post cha cha. Ugbu a, n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị nrụpụta ngwaike niile na-akwado OCPP, ndị na-ahụ maka nzipu ozi nweere onwe ha ịhọrọ ngwaike n'aka onye na-ere ahịa ọ bụla, na-eme ka ahịa ahụ dịkwuo asọmpi.
Otú ahụ ka ọ dịkwa maka ndị nwe ụlọ/azụmahịa; mgbe ha zụtara ọdụ nchaji na-abụghị OCPP ma ọ bụ nkwekọrịta ya na CPO na-abụghị OCPP, a na-akpọchi ha n'otu ebe chaja na onye na-ahụ maka nchaji. Mana site na ngwaike nchaji OCPP, ndị nwe ụlọ nwere ike ịnọrọ onwe ya na ndị na-eweta ha. Ndị nwe ya nweere onwe ha ịhọrọ CPO nke na-asọ mpi karịa, ọnụ ahịa ka mma ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ọzọkwa, ha nwere ike ịgbasa netwọk ha site na ịgwakọta ngwaike nchaji dị iche iche na-enweghị ịkwatu nrụnye dị.
N'ezie, uru bụ isi nke EV bụ na ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala EV adịghị mkpa ịdabere na otu onye na-arụ ọrụ nchaji ma ọ bụ onye na-ebu EV. Dị ka ọ dị n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri OCPP zụrụ, ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala EV nwere ike ịgbanwe gaa na CPO/EMP ka mma. nke abụọ, mana uru dị oke mkpa bụ ikike iji e-mobility roaming.
2.OCPP na ọrụ nke chaja ụgbọ ala eletrik
(1) OCPP na-enyere EVSE na CSMS aka ịkparịta ụka n'etiti onwe ha
(2) Ikike nke ndị ọrụ ụgbọ ala eletrik ka ha malite ịchaji
(3) Mgbanwe n'ime anya nke nhazi nchaji, njikwa nchaji dịpụrụ adịpụ (mmalite/nkwụsị), egbe imeghe anya ( id njikọ)
(4) Ọnọdụ n'ezie nke ọdụ chaja (dị, kwụsịrị, kwụsịtụrụ, EV/EVSE na-akwadoghị), data nchaji ozugbo, oriri ike n'ezie, ọdịda EVSE ozugbo.
(5) Nchaji smart (na-ebelata ibu grid)
(6) Njikwa ngwa ngwa (OTAA)
Ⅴ.Nkwado Nlebaanya & Nghọta Onye nrụpụta
Ime OCPP 2.0.1 chọrọ nkwado siri ike. NaNjikọ ike, anyị R&D otu eduzila ọtụtụ interoperability ule ijiOCTT (Ngwaọrụ Nleba anya nrube isi)n'akụkụ ezigbo ụwa integrations.
Nwale gburugburu & Nsonaazụ:Anyị akwadola ngwa ngwa EVSE anyị nke ọma megideNdị na-eweta CSMS 100+ zuru ụwa ọnụ(gụnyere isi netwọk Europe na US). Nlele anyị na-elekwasị anya na:
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Nkwụsi ike aka aka TLS:Na-ahụ na njigide njikọ dị n'okpuru Profaịlụ nchekwa 2 & 3.
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Ikwekọrịta data azụmahịa:Na-enyocha nke ọhụrụ
Omume azụmahịannyefe ozi n'okpuru ọnọdụ netwọkụ anaghị akwụsi ike (ịkọwa simulation ọnwụ ngwugwu).
Ihe omuma a doro anya na-akwado na ngwọta OCPP 2.0.1 anyị abụghị naanị na usoro iwu kwadoro, kama ọ dị njikere maka mbusa azụmahịa V2G.
Oge nzipu: Ọktoba 21-2024